Intracranial emergencies in neurosurgical oncology: pathophysiology and clinical management
نویسندگان
چکیده
Abstract Intracranial tumors pose a challenge in neurosurgery, especially when patients present emergently or require emergency surgery. Tackling an acute change the patient’s mental status is primary reason for seeking surgery setting of intracranial tumor. In addressing tumor-related complications, aim to relieve elevated pressure (ICP), confirm diagnosis, improve stabilize function, and extend life by preventing herniation. Tumors peritumoral edema form space-occupying lesion that causes mass effect on nearby structures elevates ICP. Surgical management involves (1) external ventricular drain (EVD) placement monitor ICP, lower volume cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), temporarily treat hypertension, (2) resection responsible rise (3) some patients, decompressive craniectomy (DC). Patients with brain may also hydrocephalus due tumor’s obstructing CSF flow disrupting absorption. cause tumor-associated epilepsy (TAE) epilepticus (TASE). TASE life-threatening condition characterized abnormally prolonged generalized seizure (or chain multiple seizures) without recovery consciousness baseline. Time essence managing TAE TASE, surgical epileptogenic focus can be curative. Brain their treatment provoke ischemic stroke, intratumoral hemorrhage, cerebral venous sinus thrombosis depending location. Hemorrhagic infarction pituitary adenomas leading rapid expansion sellar region gland dysfunction known as apoplexy. Here, optimizing hemodynamic treating adrenal insufficiency are crucial upon presentation. Emergency plays important role saving neurovascular entities conservative proves inadequate. Finally, infections central nervous system (CNS) occur result immunologic compromise caused tumor itself its treatment. conclusion, severe rapidly progressing cases which patient presents altered neurologic deficits, neurosurgical procedure indicated removal cause(s) excess protection monitoring
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Emergency Cancer Care
سال: 2022
ISSN: ['2731-4790']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s44201-022-00013-6